The Asset Nobody Thinks About Until It Fails
A main switchboard can sit in a plant room for thirty years doing its job without attention. Production equipment around it is replaced two or three times. Loads are added. The original drawings go missing. Then one day a breaker fails and there is no replacement, or an inspection finds heat damage on a busbar, or a new machine cannot be connected because there is nowhere to put it.
A switchboard upgrade is a significant project, and it is far better planned than forced. This guide sets out the signs that an industrial switchboard is due for attention, the standard that now applies to new boards, the options short of full replacement and how to plan the work around production.
Eight Signs a Switchboard Needs Attention
Heat. Discolouration, a hot smell, or hot spots found by thermal imaging. Heat means resistance, and resistance means a connection or component that is failing.
Nuisance tripping. Breakers that trip without an obvious fault are often overloaded, worn or reacting to harmonics.
No spare capacity. Every way is used, and new circuits are being squeezed in or doubled up.
Obsolete components. Breakers and parts that are no longer manufactured, with replacements available only second hand.
Fault level exceeded. A supply upgrade or a new transformer has raised the fault current beyond what the board was built to withstand.
Corrosion and contamination. Moisture, dust and cleaning chemicals attacking metalwork and insulation, which is common in food and beverage plants.
No documentation. No current drawings, no test records and labels that do not match what is connected.
Unsafe to work on. Exposed live parts when a door is opened, no segregation between sections, and no way to isolate one part without shutting down the whole board.
Any one of these is worth an inspection. Several together mean the board is a risk to production and to people.
The Standard Changed
Low voltage switchboards in Australia are now built to the AS/NZS 61439 series, which replaced AS/NZS 3439. The older standard had been in place since 2002 and was superseded on 24 May 2021. In Queensland the transition period during which a board could be built to either standard ended on 25 November 2022.
The series has several parts. AS/NZS 61439.1 sets the general rules and AS/NZS 61439.2 covers power switchgear and controlgear assemblies, which is the part relevant to most industrial switchboards.
The important change is in how a board is proven. The old distinction between type tested and partially type tested assemblies has gone. In its place is design verification, in which the manufacturer must demonstrate compliance against 13 constructional and performance requirements, covering matters such as temperature rise, short circuit withstand and clearances. Verification of the forms of internal separation is mandatory.
Queensland’s Electrical Safety Office has issued guidance on the standard as it applies to switchboards with a connected load exceeding 125 amps or a fault level of 10 kA or greater, which takes in most industrial main and distribution boards.
What That Means for an Existing Board
A switchboard that complied when it was built does not become unlawful because the standard changed. The new standard matters in three situations. When you buy a new board, it must be built and verified to AS/NZS 61439, and you should ask for the design verification evidence. When you modify an existing board, the modification has to be safe and should not undermine the basis on which the board was originally verified. And when you weigh up repair against replacement, the old board’s inability to meet current expectations for segregation and arc fault protection is a legitimate factor.
A common mistake is to add circuits to an old board without anyone checking the busbar rating, the fault rating or the temperature rise. Each addition is small. Together they produce a board loaded well beyond its design.
Three Options
Repair and maintain. If the board is structurally sound and parts are available, cleaning, retightening, replacing worn components and restoring labels and drawings may buy many more years. This suits a board that is old but not obsolete.
Retrofit. The enclosure and busbars are kept and the switchgear is replaced, often with modern breakers on adaptor kits. This can restore protection performance and parts availability at lower cost and with a shorter outage than replacement. It does not fix an undersized busbar or an inadequate fault rating.
Replace. A new board built to the current standard, sized for the load you have and the load you expect. This is the answer where capacity, fault rating, condition or safety cannot be recovered any other way.
The decision usually turns on four questions. Is the fault rating adequate for the supply? Is there capacity for the next ten years? Can parts still be bought new? Can it be worked on safely?
Planning a Replacement
A switchboard replacement is mostly a planning exercise. The installation itself may take a weekend. The preparation takes months.
Load study. Measure what the board actually supplies, using logged data over a representative period, and allow for known growth.
Fault level. Establish the prospective fault current from the supply so the new board is rated correctly.
Specification. Form of internal separation, spare capacity, metering, provision for power factor correction, arc fault containment, enclosure rating for the environment and the protection philosophy.
Lead time. Custom switchboards take time to design, build and verify. Order early.
Changeover method. Decide whether the new board goes in the same position, which means a full outage, or alongside the old one so circuits can be transferred in stages.
Temporary supply. Identify what cannot be without power during the changeover, such as refrigeration and tank cooling, and arrange generators or temporary feeds.
Shutdown window. Fit the changeover into a planned shutdown and agree the sequence with production.
Testing and handover. Verification testing, a certificate of testing and compliance, updated single line diagrams and circuit schedules, and protection settings recorded.
What It Costs Not to Plan
The expensive version of this project is the one that follows a failure. An emergency replacement means days or weeks of lost production waiting for a board to be built, temporary supplies hired at short notice, a compromised specification because there is no time to get it right and, often, a like for like replacement that carries the old board’s limitations into the next thirty years.
A condition assessment costs a small fraction of that and gives you the information to decide in your own time.
Where to Start
Have the board inspected by an industrial electrician, with thermal imaging under load. Find or recreate the single line diagram. Establish the fault level and compare it with the board’s rating. List the components that are obsolete. Measure the load. With those five things in hand, the choice between repair, retrofit and replacement usually becomes clear.
Where BevTech Fits
BevTech is a family owned engineering business in Richlands, Brisbane, with more than 25 years in beverage and FMCG manufacturing. Our industrial electricians carry out condition audits of site electrical equipment, switchboard modifications and plant extensions to AS/NZS 3000, and we provide full electrical design drawings for new work and as-built updates for existing installations. We plan and crew electrical work for annual shutdowns, and because we work in production plants every day we understand what has to stay running while the power is off.
If you have a switchboard that worries you, use the contact form at bevtech.com.au/contact and we can arrange an inspection.
This article is a general guide current as at October 2026. Have a licensed electrician assess your own installation, and confirm current requirements with the Electrical Safety Office.









